Immersion cooling is a process of cooling electronic components (ASIC miners, GPUs, CPUs, servers, etc) by submerging them in the specially engineered fluids. It is a non-conductive, dielectric fluid that looks like water, but does not shortcut electronics. The fluid has a great heat absorption capacity which is 1500x better than the heat transfer capacity of air.

Miners that are immersed use no fans (with span spoofers or with custom firmware) so you don’t need any air handling, additional fans in the facility, no noise protection. So the operation can be done in a commercial or residential areas. You can connect then to water loop or to drycooler we deliver

By circulating the fluid through the hardware devices heat is removed and transported away to an external heat rejection device – dry cooler or heat exchanger or any water loop. It also allows heat reuse applications like heating home, office, warehouse, swimming pool, greenhouse…

Liquid cooling with a dielectric (non-conductive) fluid offers a variety of benefits over traditional air cooling. Let’s list just a few of them, that influence your mining operations. 

• A higher level of cooling efficiency – Liquid transfers heat more effectively because of its high thermal conductivity. You can assume that liquid is ~1500 times better than air. It means you can use 1 liter of the fluid or 1500 liter of air to achieve the same cooling effect. That’s why fans on your miner are generating so much noise. They must push this amount of air through the hashing boards when fluid can just flow slowly. 
• Brings overclocking potential – Overclocking is the process of setting microchips at a higher frequency. However, this process can damage them if you’re not careful because it increases the heat generated by your system. Liquid cooling keeps your overclocked hardware cooler, so you won’t crash your computer or damage your hardware because of overheating. Same time you can mine more coins, as hash rate of your miner can be raised significantly (for example with S17 you can overclock your miner by ~40% with sure). So, you can assume a much faster ROI than with air cooling. 
• Silent operations – Liquid cooling reduces the need to use fans to zero. Typical ASIC miner generates ~80dB of noise. The same unit immersed in the fluid is ~0dB! This is the biggest problem for those who want to mine at home or office. 
• Most liquid-cooled systems need to dissipate the heat with the use of the dry cooler, that should be placed outside, and its fans generate ~60dB which is comparable to a vacuum cleaner noise.  
• No dust – As all miners are under the fluid, the main problem – dust and all failures and maintenance costs related to it – is solved. You don’t need additional filters, fans, and no work related to its replacement, and maintenance is needed. 
• Fewer repairs and servicing actions – As all miners are working in stable conditions, separated from the environment (dust, humidity, heat) you can run your mining operations without unnecessary breaks and in distant locations with limited access to the service. 
• Stable temperatures over time – The working temperature of the fluid in the loop is stable. It’s good for you miners. There will be no hot-spots, no overheating, no damages. It allows your miner to work for a much longer period without the failure, protecting your investment. You can install it in hot or freezing ambient temperature, where free air cooling will not work (because of dust or condensation of humidity and corrosion). 
• Liquid cooling saves space – When it comes to real estate liquid cooling rocks. You can squeeze much more miners in the immersion enclosures than in a typical free air cooling. It can be 4 to 5 times more miners in the same footprint. Just to say – our rack system allows you to place 24 big miners like S19 into the floor space of 1 square meter. 
• High density – You can really squeeze your miners tight. No separation between miners is needed as you saw with air cooling systems. You can put 3 – 5 times more miners in one container based on immersion cooling than in a typical air-cooled one. It saves lots of CAPEX when building the farm and OPEX during the operations.
• Good for hot climates, polluted areas – High ambient temperatures were a stopper for mining operations, as cooling miners with HVAC systems are very costly. Liquid cooling is solving this problem. Because the water system works on an ongoing basis, those working in naturally warmer places don’t have to compromise on performance.
• Sustainable solution – By reducing the need for using fans, chillers, compressors, etc. to cool your mining farm of datacenter you reduce the power drain significantly. our system also do not require tap water to cool, so water is not wasted just to process the data.
• Summary – When looking at an air-cooled vs liquid-cooled system, it becomes clear that liquid is the more efficient, quiet solution that keeps your installation from overheating despite overclocking or other sources of computing stress. It brings massive savings in labor costs, space required for the installation and service.

Not exactly. You should think about it as liquid cooling or cooling with a dielectric fluid. Unlike gaming PC or overclocked CPUs that can be cooled with water, we use a specially designed fluid that is removing the heat from devices immersed (or submerged you can say) in that liquid. The fluid is non conductive – dielectric. So there is no risk of damaging your electronics with water that will kill the components as it might happen with DIY water cooling of PC.
Our dielectric liquid has great heat capacity and is materially compatible with electronics – so it will not damage the expensive ASIC miners.

Single phase means that during the cooling process the fluid is not changing its physical state. It remains fluid all the time. It means, it’s not boiling and not evaporating. Such systems are very affordable and do not require lots of maintenance efforts during their operations. Fluid can remain in it for years if kept clean and away from water.

What is a dual-phase cooling? In such a type of process, fluid is heated until it starts to boil and changes its state from liquid to vapor. To achieve it fluid must absorb a large amount of energy. This process is very efficient for its cooling capabilities (better than single-phase and about 4000x better than free air cooling) but it also requires a much more complicated system (with chillers, vapor condensers) and must be sealed very precisely. Dual-phase fluids are at least 10x more expensive than typical fluids used in a single-phase system. On top of that, it requires lots of maintenance and constant leak checks.

You want single-phase immersion cooling. Really. Single-phase means you are using special synthetic oil made for electronics components cooling. The cost of engineered fluid is approx € 216 or $ 241 per 25 liters or 6.6 gallons. This makes that economic solution as the fluid does not evaporate, the fluid lifecycle is almost endless, and additionally, it can be filtered/reconditioned multiple times. 

Dual-phase system requires special synthetic/fluorochemical coolant available at many suppliers but usually known under the brand name of 3M – Novec”. The fluid evaporates (boils) at the temperature of 61C. It evaporates quickly so it requires special hermetic sealed enclosures. Usually, people trying to use that fluid loose lots of money as 1kg (0.8 liters) costs approx $ 60 – it’s 6 times more than synthetic engineered fluid. So this is why you want single-phase system.

Simply saying, if you are looking for cryptocurrency systems cooling option – a single phase is for you. If you’re a millionaire and you’re running a large datacenter, you can afford dual-phase cooling. Remember that fluids used in dual-phase cooling are not only extremely expensive but also harmful for your health (when you inhale its vapor) but also for the environment, having one of the highest GWP parameter (Global Warming Potential) among all other toxic substances

With DCX immersion system you can cool virtually any kind of electronic hardware like IT equipment – servers, switches, storage (SSD or helium HDDs), GPU or ASIC miners, or any other kind of electronics you need to cool. 

A single loop means that the fluid is cooling your miners and then goes to the dry cooler, where is chilled, and goes back to the enclosure as colder fluid. It’s simple as it doesn’t require additional pumps or heat exchangers, but you must consider that precious coolant must fill the whole setup including tubes, pipes, and the dry cooler itself. For our smallest system, ~30 l of fluid is required just for that, but it’s a good ratio: money to simplicity and value.

Dual loop systems are a bit more complicated than a single loop, but much better for bigger installations, especially with large dry coolers or for distant placement of the enclosures and cooler. A primary loop is filled with a water-glycol mixture which is cheap and very popular. The dry cooler and all pipes are filled with it. Sometimes it might be hundreds of liters.
A secondary loop is created on the enclosure level. A small pump is rotating the fluid through the brazed plate heat exchanger. There the coolant is chilled with the water out of the primary loop. These two fluids are not mixing with each other.
Dual loop systems are the best for heat utilization, as you can connect them with easy to your facility heating system (might be home, office, swimming pool, greenhouse…). By reusing the heat you can make your mining operations more profitable and shorten the ROI time.

You need enclosure or tank or bath filled with dielectric fluid, that will house your miners. The tank needs hydraulic fittings with correct diameter that will provide inlet and outlet of the fluid. The fluid must circulate, so we need the pump that will provide enough liters per minute flow. The fluid goes through the miners, takes the heat and warms up. This hot fluid must be circulated from the enclosure – so we need some heat exchanging or rejection device. It can be just a brazed plate heat exchanger that has a “hot” and “cold” side. You can connect to the plate heat exchanger for example tam water (but that would waste so much water) or the dry cooler. So from the enclosure, you run the tubing we provide to the dry cooler. Since dry cooler requires fresh air it must be placed somewhere outside the building, ideally under the sunshade, on the north side of the building. That’s it: an enclosure with fluid and miners, pumps that circulate the fluid, tubing, and heat exchanging device as a dry cooler.

Miners must be prepared with custom firmware so the lack of fans will not be a problem for the system and sometimes small changes (removal of thermal paste from ASIC chips or PSUs).

We design, manufacture, and deliver all components of the immersion cooling system: enclosures, dielectric cooling liquid, heat exchangers, dry coolers, all complimentary components like switchgear, monitoring sensors and software, fittings, tubing, accessories, pumping stations, etc. We serve customers that require a simple single enclosure, rack systems, and container or scale-out installations.

Just a few simple steps:

New miners require

• – removal of the fans
• – opening the PSU covers, removal of thermal paste from a few components
• – installation of custom firmware that will not require fans to operate
• – removal of stickers with the heat gun if possible
• – compressed air cleaning
• – immersion in the fluid and shake cleaning if possible.

Used miners require:

• – removal of the fans
• – installation of custom firmware that will not require fans to operate
• – opening the PSU covers, removal of thermal paste from a few components
• – removal of stickers with the heat gun if possible
• – detailed cleaning with compressed air
• – ideal two-stage: spray cleaning then immersion/shake cleaning in the cleaning bath

The general rule is to:

• Remove all unnecessary parts like fans, plastic covers, sidewalls, etc. And anything that can block fluid flow. 
• Removing fans requires custom firmware to eliminate any alarms or shutdowns that occur when the fans are not discovered by the system or rotation speed is below some threshold that generates system alerts. There is a lot of free firmware available, some manufacturers like MicroBT provides custom firmware for Whatsminers for free
• It may not be possible to shut off the fans on the power supplies, this isn’t a problem, so it’s ok to allow the PSU fans to run in the fluid.
• Most miners have solid thermal epoxy. If not thermal paste or pads (for example from GPU or CPU or PSU components) must be removed and replaced with solid material (we will advise).
• Install software or hardware that will allow you miner to work without the fan (cheat the system). It’s so-called “spoofer” or can be achieved with special software – also good for overclocking 
• Clean the unit firmly (compressed air is good, but maybe not sufficient). You can use special cleaning fluids or solvents.

After immersion – no dust, no corrosion, no burned boards as the dielectric fluid protects from overheating, vibration, shortcuts, dust etc.

How to remove the heat?

as described on the installation examples and our quick video startup manual The cooling system requires a heat rejection device. The immersion system is used to transfer the heat from the miners in a silent and very effective manner. But it also requires some device or loop where that 20-30-40-80-120kW heat will be received. Because we use hot mining method (the temperatures in our enclosures may reach 60C/140F and above, we have very effective heat transfer, even in a hot or humid climate. Whether its single enclosure or rack or multiple racks – we have 3 options to connect to our system and remove the heat  :

1. water connection to home/facility heating or cooling loop
2. water connection to the tap water
3. or connection to the dry cooler.

In this setup, our Liquid 2 Liquid (L2L) Immersion Enclosure has its own pump and heat exchanger which circulates internally our dielectric heat transfer fluid. Thermasafe R dielectric liquid is very effective at heat pickup. Fluid circulates internally and takes the heat from the immersed miners. Then the heat is transferred with the enclosure brazed plate heat exchanger to external water or water-glycol loop. As mentioned it can be tap water/home heating loop / direct connection to the pool or nearby lake – everything is possible! But what is most convenient is the connection to external dry-cooler.

Description of the available options:

ad 1. At home, you can use a connection from our dual loop enclosures to the heating loop. In moderate or cold regions most of the homes will have own separate heating/cooling loop. This local system can reuse the heat from the miners if needed, and there will be multiple contractors available to connect it to your loop without andy problem. The heat from the miners can heat up the home radiators, the pool, home hot water boiler, or even jacuzzi. And that can be connected by local heating services/installation company

ad 2. If you live in a flat you use tap water. The problem may be the bill for the water but you have the silent operation of 20-60 miners at your home. Water connection requires 0.5 to 1 m3 of water per hour. Our L2L enclosures can be connected to tap water without any additional investment.

ad 3. Dry coolers are the most effective way to remove the heat. They can be standing or table-flat dry coolers. They do generate some noise but it’s just 51-55 dB(A) 10m away. Dry coolers must be placed outside – near the building or on the flat rooftop of the building. It is ok for commercial or industrial area, but rather not for residential / housing areas. The dry cooler is a close loop system so no water is wasted – it circulates the same water/glycol mixture.

We have a broad portfolio of dry coolers – see them here. And there are 3 basic types quickly available:

 – a) 32kW (35C outside) / 42kW (20C outside) dry cooler. A small system for single enclosure for a single enclosure has its own pumping system that will circulate the fluid for a 10-20 meters of tubing.

 – b) 80kW dry cooler for 2 or 3 enclosures with limited capacity – require pumping station which we also deliver.

 – c) 127kW dry cooler – larger 2 x 2 m dry cooler that supports single rack with maximum capacity – require pumping station which we also deliver.

Cryptomining Immersion Enclosure or Cryptomining Immersion Rack has multiple options to remove the heat. With the small help of the chiller unit, they can use an additional source of cold water, even in very hot regions or countries. The L2L enclosures can be also installed as a part of a bigger system and used for heat reuse.  A 99% of the heat from the miners can be reused for any commercial application (farming / drying ) or home/company heating.

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